Highway Engineering (313323) Manual Practical No: 04 Conduct Penetration test on bitumen
Bituminous materials are available in a variety of types and grades. The penetration test determines the hardness of these materials by measuring the depth in a tenth of a millimeter to which a standard needle will penetrate vertically under specified conditions of standard load, time, and temperature. The sample is maintained at the standard temperature of 25°C. The total load on the needle is 100 gm. The softer the bitumen, the greater will be its number of penetration units.
Observation Table:
Result
The mean penetration value for the bitumen samples tested is 3.3 mm, indicating a consistent penetration resistance under the specified conditions.
Practical Related Questions:
1. How penetration value is expressed?
Answer:
The penetration value in a bitumen penetration test is expressed in tenths of a millimeter (mm). It represents the distance that a standard needle penetrates into the bitumen sample under a load of 100 grams applied for 5 seconds at a standard temperature of 25°C. For example, a penetration value of 3.3 mm would typically be expressed as 33 tenths of a millimeter.
2. What are the standard load, time and temperature specified for penetration test?
Answer:
The standard conditions specified for the bitumen penetration test are:
Load: 100 grams
Time: 5 seconds
Temperature: 25°C (77°F)
3. What are the effects of higher test temperature, higher pouring temperature on penetration value of bitumen sample?
Answer:
Effects of Higher Test Temperature:
Increased Penetration Value: A higher test temperature softens the bitumen more, leading to a greater penetration of the needle into the sample. This results in a higher penetration value, indicating that the bitumen is softer at elevated temperatures.
Effects of Higher Pouring Temperature:
Reduced Penetration Value: Pouring bitumen at a higher temperature may cause the bitumen to become more fluid during the test setup. As the bitumen cools and solidifies, it may form a denser structure, leading to a lower penetration value, which suggests a harder bitumen.
4. Bitumen of 80/100 grade means the penetration value is in the range of according to the standard test. IS which type of brick used for decorative purpose?
Answer:
IS (Indian Standard) Specification: IS 1077 is the Indian Standard that covers the specification for common burnt clay building bricks, including those used for decorative purposes. The type of brick commonly used for decorative purposes is the Facing Brick. Facing bricks are specially made to have a clean and attractive appearance, often used in visible areas such as facades, walls, and ornamental features.
Conclusions:
We completed Highway Engineering (313323) Manual Practical No: 04 and Conducted a Penetration test on bitumen successfully.